Fixing the 0x00000111 BSOD: Recursive NMI Error

The 0x00000111 BSOD error is a Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI) error that occurs when a new interrupt is received while a previous interrupt is still being processed.

A Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) can be a terrifying sight for Windows users. One particularly confusing and frustrating error is 0x00000111, also known as the RECURSIVE_NMI error. This guide will take you through what this error means, its causes, and the steps to fix and prevent it from happening in the future. Let's dive into this perplexing error to help you understand how to deal with it effectively.

What is the 0x00000111 BSOD Error?

The 0x00000111 BSOD error is a Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI) error that occurs when a new interrupt is received while a previous interrupt is still being processed. This results in a recursive interrupt, meaning the system is continuously trying to handle multiple interrupts simultaneously, which overwhelms the processor and crashes the system. This type of error can also appear as RECURSIVE_NMI on the blue screen.

An NMI is a high-priority interrupt used by hardware components such as memory or CPU, often indicating a critical hardware failure. Because NMIs cannot be disabled or "masked," the system is forced to process them immediately, which can lead to a crash if the system cannot handle multiple interrupts.

Causes of the 0x00000111 BSOD

The RECURSIVE_NMI error can be triggered by several issues, usually relating to hardware or firmware problems. Here are some of the common causes:

1. Faulty Hardware (RAM or CPU)

  • Memory errors: A common cause of this BSOD is faulty or failing RAM. If the system encounters issues while reading or writing to memory, it may generate an NMI. The recursive interrupt can occur if the system tries to process these errors repeatedly.
  • Processor failure: A failing CPU or one that is overheating can trigger repeated NMIs, leading to the error.

2. Incompatible or Outdated Drivers

Sometimes, incompatible drivers or outdated firmware for essential system components like the motherboard, CPU, or RAM can result in an NMI being triggered during normal operation.

3. Overclocking

Overclocking, whether of the CPU, GPU, or RAM, can make hardware run at speeds higher than what it is designed to handle. This can lead to instability, and in some cases, can trigger the 0x00000111 error.

4. Corrupted System Files or Software Conflicts

Corruption in system files, such as the Windows kernel, can sometimes lead to recursive interrupts. Software conflicts, particularly with low-level system tools or hardware monitoring software, can also cause this issue.

5. Motherboard Issues

A malfunctioning motherboard, especially issues with the BIOS/UEFI, can also cause recursive NMIs. Sometimes, incorrect BIOS settings or a corrupted BIOS can trigger this error.

6. External Hardware Devices

Malfunctioning external hardware, such as peripherals connected via USB or PCI, can also cause interrupts that lead to the BSOD.

How to Fix the 0x00000111 BSOD Error

Now that we understand the causes, let's look at the steps you can take to resolve the RECURSIVE_NMI error.

1. Check and Test RAM

  • Use Windows Memory Diagnostic or a third-party tool like MemTest86 to test your RAM for errors.
  • Solution: If faulty RAM is detected, replacing the defective module should solve the problem.

2. Check for CPU Overheating

  • Overheating can trigger various system failures, including NMIs. Check the temperature of your CPU using tools like HWMonitor or Core Temp.
  • Solution: Clean your system, ensure proper ventilation, and reapply thermal paste if necessary. If the issue persists, you may need to replace the CPU or its cooling system.

3. Update Drivers and BIOS

Solution: Go to Device Manager and update all drivers, especially those related to the CPU, chipset, and RAM. Additionally, update the motherboard's BIOS/UEFI to the latest version from the manufacturer’s website.

4. Disable Overclocking

If you have overclocked your CPU, GPU, or RAM, revert them to their default speeds.

  • Solution: Go into your BIOS/UEFI settings and restore default clock speeds. Running your hardware at stock speeds will help maintain stability.

5. Perform a System File Check

Corrupted system files can trigger the 0x00000111 error. Running a System File Checker (SFC) scan can help repair these files.

Solution: Open Command Prompt as an administrator and run the command:

  •   ```  sfc /scannow  ```

  If errors are found, SFC will attempt to fix them.

6. Run a Disk Check

Disk errors can sometimes cause this type of BSOD.

Solution: Open Command Prompt as an administrator and run:

  •   ```  chkdsk /f  ```

  This will check your disk for errors and attempt to fix them.

7. Disconnect External Devices

Disconnect all non-essential external devices (USB drives, printers, scanners, etc.) to check if any external hardware is causing the issue.

Solution: Reconnect devices one by one to identify the culprit.

8. Restore the System

If none of the above solutions work, performing a System Restore to revert your system to a previous stable state may help.

Solution: Go to Control Panel > System and Security > System > System Protection and choose System Restore.

How to Prevent the 0x00000111 BSOD from Happening Again

To prevent future occurrences of the RECURSIVE_NMI error, consider the following tips:

1. Maintain Updated Drivers and BIOS

Always keep your system drivers and BIOS/UEFI updated to ensure compatibility and avoid conflicts that can lead to BSODs.

2. Monitor System Temperatures

Use monitoring tools to keep track of CPU, GPU, and system temperatures. If temperatures exceed safe limits, take action to improve airflow or upgrade the cooling system.

3. Use Stable Hardware

Avoid pushing your hardware beyond its designed specifications. Running components at their rated speeds ensures better stability.

4. Regularly Run System Maintenance

Regularly check for corrupted system files, disk errors, and update drivers to prevent software-related BSODs.

Conclusion

The 0x00000111 BSOD, or RECURSIVE_NMI error, is a serious issue often related to hardware problems like faulty RAM or CPU overheating, but it can also result from software conflicts or system corruption. By diagnosing the root cause through hardware testing, updating drivers, and performing regular system maintenance, you can reduce the chances of this error occurring in the future.